14 Interesting Facts About the Eggon Ethnic Group of Nasarawa State
1. Their State of Residence
The Eggon people are primarily found in Nasarawa State, located in central Nigeria. This region, known for its diverse ethnic groups, serves as the homeland for the Eggon people. They are prominent in Local Government Areas such as Lafia, Akwanga, Keffi, and Nasarawa Eggon. Beyond these areas, they have smaller communities in Kokona and neighboring villages. The Eggon people’s presence in these locations reflects their historical migration patterns and their role as a significant ethnic group within Nasarawa State.
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2. Their Belief System
The Eggon people’s belief in Ahogben, a supreme being, reflects their spiritual worldview. They consider Ahogben to be omnipotent and beyond human comprehension, residing far beyond the skies. This belief underscores their respect for nature and the divine. Ahogben is credited with the creation of the universe and is seen as the source of all good things. This reverence for a higher power influences their traditional practices, rituals, and daily lives, making spirituality a cornerstone of their culture.
3. The Origin of Their Name
The name “Eggon” is derived from the hill where the people once lived before moving to the plains. The hill symbolized strength and security for their ancestors. The term “Eggon”, which translates to “a good sense of hearing,” metaphorically represents their attentiveness, wisdom, and adaptability. This origin story not only highlights their historical connection to nature but also embodies their resilience and keen perception, traits that are highly valued in their community.
4. Festivals and Cultural Celebrations
Festivals among the Eggon people are vibrant and culturally significant events. The Dodo Masquerade, released by the chief priest, is a highlight of their annual gatherings. This masquerade is believed to represent ancestral spirits, serving as a link between the past and present. During these festivals, the Eggon people dress in traditional attire and come together to celebrate their heritage through dance, music, and communal feasting. These events strengthen communal bonds and preserve their cultural identity.
5. Marriage Traditions
Marriage in the Eggon culture carries deep significance. Historically, midwives played a role in matchmaking by suggesting a future spouse for newborns, a tradition that required parental consent. Rituals such as the preparation of “Ebiekpemre” (Butter food) during marriage ceremonies highlight the importance of food in their customs. Though modernization has influenced these practices, traditional elements like dowry negotiations and cultural rites continue to play a crucial role in Eggon marriages.
6. Population
The Eggon people are one of the largest ethnic groups in Nasarawa State, with a population of approximately 281,000. Their numbers reflect their prominence and influence within the state. Historically, their population growth has been tied to their agrarian lifestyle and community-focused social structure. Despite being concentrated in Nigeria, the Eggon people maintain a strong sense of identity and unity.
7. Their Language
The Eggon language, also called Eggon, is a unique aspect of their identity. It serves as a primary means of communication and cultural expression. The language has various dialects spoken across different clans, reflecting the diversity within the community. Efforts to preserve the language include teaching it to younger generations and documenting it in written forms.
8. Alternative Languages
Due to their interactions with neighboring ethnic groups and external influences, the Eggon people are multilingual. They speak Hausa, which serves as a lingua franca in northern Nigeria, as well as Pidgin English and English, which facilitate communication in urban and formal settings. This linguistic adaptability showcases their ability to engage with broader Nigerian society while retaining their cultural identity.
9. Alternative Names
The Eggon people are sometimes referred to as Mada or Madan Dutse, meaning “Hill Mada” in Hausa. This alternative name reflects their historical association with hilly terrains. While these names are often used interchangeably, it is important to distinguish the Eggon from the Mada people, another ethnic group in Nasarawa State. The use of alternative names highlights the complexity and interconnectivity of ethnic identities in the region.
10. Their Clans
The Eggon are divided into three main clans: Anzo, Eholo, and Anro. These clans represent the socio-political organization of the Eggon people. Each clan has unique traditions, dialects, and leadership structures, yet they collectively identify as Eggon. This clan system fosters a sense of belonging and provides a framework for governance, conflict resolution, and cultural preservation.
11. Local Food: Ebiekpemre
The dish Ebiekpemre holds cultural and ceremonial importance among the Eggon people. It is prepared using local ingredients such as beans and oil, symbolizing unity and hospitality. During marriage ceremonies, this dish is not just food but a representation of cultural pride and identity. Sharing Ebiekpemre during festivals and special occasions reinforces communal ties.
12. Occupations
Traditionally, the Eggon people are known for their agricultural skills. They grow crops such as millet, yams, and maize, which are staples in their diet. Modernization has diversified their occupations, with many Eggon individuals excelling in professions like medicine, engineering, teaching, and entrepreneurship. Despite these changes, farming remains a significant aspect of their economic and cultural life.
13. Traditional Attire
The Eggon people’s traditional attire is made from locally woven fabrics with symbolic colors such as navy blue, green, red, black, and white. These colors represent different aspects of their culture, such as peace, strength, and unity. The attire is worn during festivals, weddings, and other cultural events, showcasing their pride in their heritage.
Music and dance play an integral role in the culture of the Eggon people. Traditional drumming, singing, and dancing are essential aspects of their festivals and ceremonies. The Eggon drums are known for their distinctive rhythms, which are used to communicate messages, tell stories, and celebrate important events. The dances, often performed during festivals, are characterized by energetic and synchronized movements that symbolize various life experiences and cultural values. Music and dance are also used in social gatherings and rites of passage, fostering unity and communal spirit. This artistic expression not only preserves their history but also serves as an emotional outlet for the Eggon people, reinforcing their sense of identity and belonging.
Photo of Group of Anzalu Dancers in Traditional Tribal Costumes (Source: pexels.com)
Conclusion
The Eggon ethnic group is a vibrant community with a rich cultural heritage. From their spiritual beliefs and unique language to their festivals, marriage traditions, and local cuisine, the Eggon people exemplify the beauty and diversity of Nigeria’s cultural landscape. Understanding and celebrating their traditions not only preserves their identity but also enriches the cultural fabric of the nation.